#+TITLE: Error handling #+SETUPFILE: ../tools/theme.setup #+INCLUDE: ../tools/lib.org * Headers :noexport: #+begin_src c :tangle (eval h_private_type) #ifndef QMCKL_ERROR_HPT #define QMCKL_ERROR_HPT #+end_src #+begin_src c :tangle (eval c) #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H #include "config.h" #endif #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H #include #elif HAVE_INTTYPES_H #include #endif #include #include #include #include #include "qmckl.h" #include "qmckl_context_private_type.h" #+end_src #+begin_src c :tangle (eval c_test) :noweb yes #include #include #include "qmckl.h" #include "assert.h" #include "qmckl_error_private_type.h" #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H #include "config.h" #endif int main() { qmckl_context context; context = qmckl_context_create(); #+end_src #+end_src * - :PROPERTIES: :UNNUMBERED: t :END: The library should never make the calling programs abort, nor perform any input/output operations. This decision has to be taken by the developer of the code calling the library. All the functions return with an exit code, defined as #+NAME: type-exit-code #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_type) typedef int32_t qmckl_exit_code; #+end_src #+begin_src f90 :comments org :tangle (eval fh_type) :exports none integer , parameter :: qmckl_exit_code = c_int32_t #+end_src The exit code returns the completion status of the function to the calling program. When a function call completed successfully, ~QMCKL_SUCCESS~ is returned. If one of the functions of the library fails to complete the requested task, an appropriate error code is returned to the program. Here is the complete list of exit codes. #+NAME: table-exit-codes | Macro | Code | Description | |-----------------------------+------+------------------------| | ~QMCKL_SUCCESS~ | 0 | 'Success' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_1~ | 1 | 'Invalid argument 1' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_2~ | 2 | 'Invalid argument 2' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_3~ | 3 | 'Invalid argument 3' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_4~ | 4 | 'Invalid argument 4' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_5~ | 5 | 'Invalid argument 5' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_6~ | 6 | 'Invalid argument 6' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_7~ | 7 | 'Invalid argument 7' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_8~ | 8 | 'Invalid argument 8' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_9~ | 9 | 'Invalid argument 9' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_10~ | 10 | 'Invalid argument 10' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_11~ | 11 | 'Invalid argument 11' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_12~ | 12 | 'Invalid argument 12' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_13~ | 13 | 'Invalid argument 13' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_14~ | 14 | 'Invalid argument 14' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_15~ | 15 | 'Invalid argument 15' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_16~ | 16 | 'Invalid argument 16' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_17~ | 17 | 'Invalid argument 17' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_18~ | 18 | 'Invalid argument 18' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_19~ | 19 | 'Invalid argument 19' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_20~ | 20 | 'Invalid argument 20' | | ~QMCKL_FAILURE~ | 101 | 'Failure' | | ~QMCKL_ERRNO~ | 102 | strerror(errno) | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_CONTEXT~ | 103 | 'Invalid context' | | ~QMCKL_ALLOCATION_FAILED~ | 104 | 'Allocation failed' | | ~QMCKL_DEALLOCATION_FAILED~ | 105 | 'De-allocation failed' | | ~QMCKL_NOT_PROVIDED~ | 106 | 'Not provided' | | ~QMCKL_OUT_OF_BOUNDS~ | 107 | 'Index out of bounds' | | ~QMCKL_INVALID_EXIT_CODE~ | 108 | 'Invalid exit code' | # We need to force Emacs not to indent the Python code: # -*- org-src-preserve-indentation: t #+begin_src python :var table=table-exit-codes :results drawer :exports none """ This script generates the C and Fortran constants for the error codes from the org-mode table. """ result = [ "#+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_type) :exports none" ] for (text, code,_) in table: text=text.replace("~","") result += [ f"#define {text:30s} ((qmckl_exit_code) {code:d})" ] result += [ "#+end_src" ] result += [ "" ] result += [ "#+begin_src f90 :comments org :tangle (eval fh_type) :exports none" ] for (text, code,_) in table: text=text.replace("~","") result += [ f" integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: {text:30s} = {code:d}" ] result += [ "#+end_src" ] return '\n'.join(result) #+end_src #+RESULTS: :results: #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_type) :exports none #define QMCKL_SUCCESS ((qmckl_exit_code) 0) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_1 ((qmckl_exit_code) 1) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_2 ((qmckl_exit_code) 2) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_3 ((qmckl_exit_code) 3) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_4 ((qmckl_exit_code) 4) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_5 ((qmckl_exit_code) 5) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_6 ((qmckl_exit_code) 6) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_7 ((qmckl_exit_code) 7) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_8 ((qmckl_exit_code) 8) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_9 ((qmckl_exit_code) 9) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_10 ((qmckl_exit_code) 10) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_11 ((qmckl_exit_code) 11) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_12 ((qmckl_exit_code) 12) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_13 ((qmckl_exit_code) 13) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_14 ((qmckl_exit_code) 14) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_15 ((qmckl_exit_code) 15) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_16 ((qmckl_exit_code) 16) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_17 ((qmckl_exit_code) 17) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_18 ((qmckl_exit_code) 18) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_19 ((qmckl_exit_code) 19) #define QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_20 ((qmckl_exit_code) 20) #define QMCKL_FAILURE ((qmckl_exit_code) 101) #define QMCKL_ERRNO ((qmckl_exit_code) 102) #define QMCKL_INVALID_CONTEXT ((qmckl_exit_code) 103) #define QMCKL_ALLOCATION_FAILED ((qmckl_exit_code) 104) #define QMCKL_DEALLOCATION_FAILED ((qmckl_exit_code) 105) #define QMCKL_NOT_PROVIDED ((qmckl_exit_code) 106) #define QMCKL_OUT_OF_BOUNDS ((qmckl_exit_code) 107) #define QMCKL_INVALID_EXIT_CODE ((qmckl_exit_code) 108) #+end_src #+begin_src f90 :comments org :tangle (eval fh_type) :exports none integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_SUCCESS = 0 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_1 = 1 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_2 = 2 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_3 = 3 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_4 = 4 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_5 = 5 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_6 = 6 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_7 = 7 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_8 = 8 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_9 = 9 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_10 = 10 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_11 = 11 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_12 = 12 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_13 = 13 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_14 = 14 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_15 = 15 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_16 = 16 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_17 = 17 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_18 = 18 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_19 = 19 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_20 = 20 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_FAILURE = 101 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_ERRNO = 102 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_CONTEXT = 103 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_ALLOCATION_FAILED = 104 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_DEALLOCATION_FAILED = 105 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_NOT_PROVIDED = 106 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = 107 integer(qmckl_exit_code), parameter :: QMCKL_INVALID_EXIT_CODE = 108 #+end_src :end: The ~qmckl_string_of_error~ converts an exit code into a string. The string is assumed to be large enough to contain the error message (typically 128 characters). * hidden :noexport: #+NAME: MAX_STRING_LENGTH : 128 * Decoding errors To decode the error messages, ~qmckl_string_of_error~ converts an error code into a string. #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_func) :noweb yes const char* qmckl_string_of_error (const qmckl_exit_code error); #+end_src #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_private_func) :exports none :noweb yes void qmckl_string_of_error_f(const qmckl_exit_code error, char result[<>]); #+end_src The text strings are extracted from the previous table. #+NAME:cases #+begin_src python :var table=table-exit-codes :exports none :noweb yes """ This script extracts the text associated with the error codes from the table. """ result = [] for (text, code, message) in table: text = text.replace("~","") message = message.replace("'",'"') result += [ f"""case {text}: return {message}; """ ] return '\n'.join(result) #+end_src #+RESULTS: cases #+begin_example case QMCKL_SUCCESS: return "Success"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_1: return "Invalid argument 1"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_2: return "Invalid argument 2"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_3: return "Invalid argument 3"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_4: return "Invalid argument 4"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_5: return "Invalid argument 5"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_6: return "Invalid argument 6"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_7: return "Invalid argument 7"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_8: return "Invalid argument 8"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_9: return "Invalid argument 9"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_10: return "Invalid argument 10"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_11: return "Invalid argument 11"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_12: return "Invalid argument 12"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_13: return "Invalid argument 13"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_14: return "Invalid argument 14"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_15: return "Invalid argument 15"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_16: return "Invalid argument 16"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_17: return "Invalid argument 17"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_18: return "Invalid argument 18"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_19: return "Invalid argument 19"; case QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_20: return "Invalid argument 20"; case QMCKL_FAILURE: return "Failure"; case QMCKL_ERRNO: return strerror(errno); case QMCKL_INVALID_CONTEXT: return "Invalid context"; case QMCKL_ALLOCATION_FAILED: return "Allocation failed"; case QMCKL_DEALLOCATION_FAILED: return "De-allocation failed"; case QMCKL_NOT_PROVIDED: return "Not provided"; case QMCKL_OUT_OF_BOUNDS: return "Index out of bounds"; case QMCKL_INVALID_EXIT_CODE: return "Invalid exit code"; #+end_example # Source #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval c) :noweb yes :exports none const char* qmckl_string_of_error(const qmckl_exit_code error) { switch (error) { <> } return "Unknown error"; } void qmckl_string_of_error_f(const qmckl_exit_code error, char result[<>]) { strncpy(result, qmckl_string_of_error(error), <>-1); } #+end_src # Fortran interface #+begin_src f90 :tangle (eval fh_func) :exports none :noweb yes interface subroutine qmckl_string_of_error (error, string) bind(C, name='qmckl_string_of_error_f') use, intrinsic :: iso_c_binding import integer (qmckl_exit_code), intent(in), value :: error character, intent(out) :: string(<>) end subroutine qmckl_string_of_error end interface #+end_src * Data structure in context The strings are declared internally with a maximum fixed size to avoid dynamic memory allocation. #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_private_type) #define QMCKL_MAX_FUN_LEN 256 #define QMCKL_MAX_MSG_LEN 1024 typedef struct qmckl_error_struct { qmckl_exit_code exit_code; char function[QMCKL_MAX_FUN_LEN]; char message [QMCKL_MAX_MSG_LEN]; } qmckl_error_struct; #+end_src * Updating errors in the context The error is updated in the context using ~qmckl_set_error~. When the error is set in the context, it is mandatory to specify from which function the error is triggered, and a message explaining the error. The exit code can't be ~QMCKL_SUCCESS~. # Header #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_func) qmckl_exit_code qmckl_set_error(qmckl_context context, const qmckl_exit_code exit_code, const char* function_name, const char* message); #+end_src # Source #+begin_src c :tangle (eval c) :exports none qmckl_exit_code qmckl_set_error(qmckl_context context, const qmckl_exit_code exit_code, const char* function_name, const char* message) { /* Passing a function name and a message is mandatory. */ assert (function_name != NULL); assert (message != NULL); /* Exit codes are assumed valid. */ assert (exit_code >= 0); assert (exit_code != QMCKL_SUCCESS); assert (exit_code < QMCKL_INVALID_EXIT_CODE); /* The context is assumed to exist. */ assert (qmckl_context_check(context) != QMCKL_NULL_CONTEXT); qmckl_lock(context); { qmckl_context_struct* const ctx = (qmckl_context_struct*) context; assert (ctx != NULL); /* Impossible because the context is valid. */ ctx->error.exit_code = exit_code; strncpy(ctx->error.function, function_name, QMCKL_MAX_FUN_LEN-1); strncpy(ctx->error.message, message, QMCKL_MAX_MSG_LEN-1); } qmckl_unlock(context); return QMCKL_SUCCESS; } #+end_src * Get the error Upon error, the error type and message can be obtained from the context using ~qmckl_get_error~. The message and function name is returned in the variables provided. Therefore, passing a function name and message is mandatory. # Header #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_func) qmckl_exit_code qmckl_get_error(qmckl_context context, qmckl_exit_code *exit_code, char* function_name, char* message); #+end_src # Source #+begin_src c :tangle (eval c) :exports none qmckl_exit_code qmckl_get_error(qmckl_context context, qmckl_exit_code *exit_code, char* function_name, char* message) { /* Passing a function name and a message is mandatory. */ assert (function_name != NULL); assert (message != NULL); /* The context is assumed to exist. */ assert (qmckl_context_check(context) != QMCKL_NULL_CONTEXT); qmckl_lock(context); { qmckl_context_struct* const ctx = (qmckl_context_struct*) context; assert (ctx != NULL); /* Impossible because the context is valid. */ /* Turn off annoying GCC warning */ #ifdef __GNUC__ #pragma GCC diagnostic push #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wstringop-truncation" #endif strncpy(function_name, ctx->error.function, QMCKL_MAX_FUN_LEN-1); strncpy(message , ctx->error.message , QMCKL_MAX_MSG_LEN-1); #ifdef __GNUC__ #pragma GCC diagnostic pop #endif (*exit_code) = ctx->error.exit_code; } qmckl_unlock(context); return QMCKL_SUCCESS; } #+end_src * Failing To make a function fail, the ~qmckl_failwith~ function should be called, such that information about the failure is stored in the context. The desired exit code is given as an argument, as well as the name of the function and an error message. If the message is ~NULL~, then the default message obtained by ~qmckl_string_of_error~ is used. The return code of the function is the desired return code. Upon failure, a ~QMCKL_NULL_CONTEXT~ is returned. #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval h_func) qmckl_exit_code qmckl_failwith(qmckl_context context, const qmckl_exit_code exit_code, const char* function, const char* message) ; #+end_src #+begin_src c :comments org :tangle (eval c) :exports none qmckl_exit_code qmckl_failwith(qmckl_context context, const qmckl_exit_code exit_code, const char* function, const char* message) { assert (exit_code > 0); assert (exit_code < QMCKL_INVALID_EXIT_CODE); assert (function != NULL); assert (strlen(function) < QMCKL_MAX_FUN_LEN); if (message != NULL) { assert (strlen(message) < QMCKL_MAX_MSG_LEN); } if (qmckl_context_check(context) == QMCKL_NULL_CONTEXT) return QMCKL_INVALID_CONTEXT; if (message == NULL) { qmckl_exit_code rc = qmckl_set_error(context, exit_code, function, qmckl_string_of_error(exit_code)); assert (rc == QMCKL_SUCCESS); } else { qmckl_exit_code rc = qmckl_set_error(context, exit_code, function, message); assert (rc == QMCKL_SUCCESS); } return exit_code; } #+end_src For example, this function can be used as #+begin_src c :tangle no if (x < 0) { return qmckl_failwith(context, QMCKL_INVALID_ARG_2, "qmckl_function", "Expected x >= 0"); } #+end_src * End of files :noexport: #+begin_src c :comments link :tangle (eval h_private_type) #endif #+end_src #+begin_src c :comments link :tangle (eval c_test) /* Initialize the variables */ char function_name[QMCKL_MAX_FUN_LEN]=""; char message[QMCKL_MAX_MSG_LEN]=""; /* Set the error code to be different from Success */ qmckl_exit_code exit_code; exit_code = 1; assert (qmckl_set_error(context, exit_code, "qmckl_transpose", "Success") == QMCKL_SUCCESS); assert (qmckl_get_error(context, &exit_code, function_name, message) == QMCKL_SUCCESS); assert (exit_code == 1); assert (strcmp(function_name,"qmckl_transpose") == 0); assert (strcmp(message,"Success") == 0); return 0; } #+end_src # -*- mode: org -*- # vim: syntax=c