modification sec 4

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Antoine Marie 2020-07-31 11:15:43 +02:00
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@ -692,7 +692,8 @@ Exact & 9.783874 & 0.852781 & 0.391959 & 0.247898 & 0.139471 & 0.064525 & 0.005
\label{fig:SpheriumNrj}
\end{wrapfigure}
There is also another symmetry-broken solution for $R>75/38$ but this one corresponds to a maximum of the HF equations. This solution is associated with another type of symmetry breaking somewhat less known. It corresponds to a configuration where both electrons are on the same side of the sphere, in the same spatial orbital. This solution is called symmetry-broken RHF (sb-RHF). \titou{At a critical value of $R$, placing two electrons in the same orbital on the same side of the sphere increases the repulsion energy more than the kinetic energy of the two electrons in the p\textsubscript{z} orbital.} This configuration breaks the spatial symmetry of charge. Hence this symmetry breaking is associated with a charge density wave, the system oscillates between the situations with the two electrons on each side \cite{GiulianiBook}.
There is also another symmetry-broken solution for $R>75/38$ but this one corresponds to a maximum of the HF equations. This solution is associated with another type of symmetry breaking somewhat less known. It corresponds to a configuration where both electrons are on the same side of the sphere, in the same spatial orbital. This solution is called symmetry-broken RHF (sb-RHF). \antoine{The reasoning is counter-intuitive because the electrons tends to maximize their energy. If the orbitals are symmetric, the maximum is when the two electrons are in the p\textsubscript{z} orbital because it maximizes the kinetic energy. At the critical value of $R$, placing the two electrons in the same symmetry-broken orbital i.e., on the same side of the sphere gives a superior energy than the p\textsubscript{z}\textsuperscript{2} state. This is because it becomes more efficient to maximize the repulsion energy than the kinetic energy for $R>75/38$.}
This configuration breaks the spatial symmetry of charge. Hence this symmetry breaking is associated with a charge density wave, the system oscillates between the situations with the two electrons on each side \cite{GiulianiBook}.
The energy associated with this sb-RHF solution reads
\begin{equation}
E_{\text{sb-RHF}}=\frac{75}{88R^3}+\frac{25}{22R^2}+\frac{91}{66R}.