accepted Titou changes
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@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ the total spin operator $\hat{\mathcal{S}}^2$, leading to ``spin-contamination''
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\begin{figure}
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\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig2}
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\caption{\label{fig:HF_real}
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RHF and UHF energies \titou{in the Hubbard dimer} as a function of the correlation strength $U/t$.
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RHF and UHF energies in the Hubbard dimer as a function of the correlation strength $U/t$.
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The symmetry-broken UHF solution emerges at the coalescence point $U=2t$ (black dot), often known as the Coulson-Fischer point.}
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\end{figure}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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@ -740,9 +740,9 @@ diatomics, where low-order RMP and UMP expansions give qualitatively wrong bindi
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% SLOW UMP CONVERGENCE AND SPIN CONTAMINATION
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The divergence of RMP expansions for stretched bonds can be easily understood from two perspectives.\cite{Gill_1988a}
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Firstly, the exact wave function becomes increasingly multi-configurational as the bond is stretched, and the
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\titou{R}HF wave function no longer provides a qualitatively correct reference for the perturbation expansion.
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RHF wave function no longer provides a qualitatively correct reference for the perturbation expansion.
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Secondly, the energy gap between the bonding and antibonding orbitals associated with the stretch becomes
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increasingly small at larger bond lengths, \titou{leading to a divergence, for example, in the second-order MP correction \eqref{eq:EMP2}.}
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increasingly small at larger bond lengths, leading to a divergence, for example, in the second-order MP correction \eqref{eq:EMP2}.
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In contrast, the origin of slow UMP convergence is less obvious as the reference UHF energy remains
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qualitatively correct at large bond lengths and the orbital degeneracy is avoided.
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Furthermore, this slow convergence can also be observed in molecules with a UHF ground state at the equilibrium
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@ -753,8 +753,8 @@ Using the UHF framework allows the singlet ground state wave function to mix wit
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leading to spin contamination where the wave function is no longer an eigenfunction of the $\Hat{\cS}^2$ operator.
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The link between slow UMP convergence and this spin-contamination was first systematically investigated
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by Gill \etal\ using the minimal basis \ce{H2} model.\cite{Gill_1988}
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In this work, the authors compared \titou{the UMP series with the exact RHF- and UHF-based FCI expansions (T2: I don't understand this)}
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and identified that the slow UMP convergence arises from its failure to correctly predict the amplitude of the
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In this work, the authors %compared titou{the UMP series with the exact RHF- and UHF-based FCI expansions (T2: I don't understand this)} and
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identified that the slow UMP convergence arises from its failure to correctly predict the amplitude of the
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low-lying double excitation.
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This erroneous description of the double excitation amplitude has the same origin as the spin-contamination in the reference
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UHF wave function, creating the first direct link between spin-contamination and slow UMP convergence.\cite{Gill_1988}
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@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ gradient discontinuities or spurious minima.
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The behaviour of the RMP and UMP series observed in \ce{H2} can also be illustrated by considering
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the analytic Hubbard dimer with a complex-valued perturbation strength.
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In this system, the stretching of the \ce{H\bond{-}H} bond is directly mirrored by an increase in the \trash{electron correlation} \titou{ratio} $U/t$.
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In this system, the stretching of the \ce{H\bond{-}H} bond is directly mirrored by an increase in the ratio $U/t$.
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Using the ground-state RHF reference orbitals leads to the parametrised RMP Hamiltonian
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\begin{widetext}
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\begin{equation}
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@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ The ground-state UMP expansion is convergent in both cases, although the rate of
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for larger $U/t$ as the radius of convergence becomes increasingly close to one (Fig.~\ref{fig:RadConv}).
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% EFFECT OF SYMMETRY BREAKING
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As the UHF orbitals break the \trash{molecular} \titou{spin} symmetry, new coupling terms emerge between the electronic states that
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As the UHF orbitals break the spin symmetry, new coupling terms emerge between the electronic states that
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cause fundamental changes to the structure of EPs in the complex $\lambda$-plane.
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For example, while the RMP energy shows only one EP between the ground state and
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the doubly-excited state (Fig.~\ref{fig:RMP}), the UMP energy has two EPs: one connecting the ground state with the
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@ -1269,7 +1269,7 @@ set representations of the MP critical point.\cite{Sergeev_2006}
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\end{subfigure}
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% \includegraphics[height=0.65\textwidth,trim={0pt 5pt 0pt 15pt}, clip]{ump_critical_point}
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\caption{%
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The UMP ground-state EP \titou{in the symmetric Hubbard dimer} becomes a critical point in the strong correlation limit (\ie, large $U/t$).
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The UMP ground-state EP in the symmetric Hubbard dimer becomes a critical point in the strong correlation limit (\ie, large $U/t$).
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(\subref{subfig:ump_cp}) As $U/t$ increases, the avoided crossing on the real $\lambda$ axis
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becomes increasingly sharp.
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(\subref{subfig:ump_cp_surf}) Complex energy surfaces for $U = 5t$.
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