diff --git a/triqs/gfs/data_proxies.hpp b/triqs/gfs/data_proxies.hpp
index 3e8605d2..24d3b3c0 100644
--- a/triqs/gfs/data_proxies.hpp
+++ b/triqs/gfs/data_proxies.hpp
@@ -42,9 +42,7 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
   arrays::matrix_view_proxy<storage_view_t,0>       operator()(storage_view_t       & data, size_t i) const { return arrays::matrix_view_proxy<storage_view_t,0>(data,i); } 
   arrays::const_matrix_view_proxy<storage_view_t,0> operator()(storage_view_t const & data, size_t i) const { return arrays::const_matrix_view_proxy<storage_view_t,0>(data,i); } 
 
-  template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_no_resize (S & data, RHS && rhs)           { data() = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
   template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_to_scalar (S & data, RHS && rhs)           { data() = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
-  template<typename RHS>             static void assign_with_resize (storage_t & data, RHS && rhs) { data = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
   template<typename RHS>             static void rebind (storage_view_t & data, RHS && rhs)        { data.rebind(rhs.data()); }
  };
 
@@ -61,9 +59,7 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
   auto operator()(storage_view_t       & data,size_t i) const -> decltype(data(i)) { return data(i);}
   auto operator()(storage_view_t const & data,size_t i) const -> decltype(data(i)) { return data(i);}
 
-  template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_no_resize (S & data, RHS && rhs)           { data() = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
   template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_to_scalar (S & data, RHS && rhs)           { data() = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
-  template<typename RHS>             static void assign_with_resize (storage_t & data, RHS && rhs) { data = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
   template<typename RHS>             static void rebind (storage_view_t & data, RHS && rhs)        { data.rebind(rhs.data()); }
  };
 
@@ -82,12 +78,6 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
   Tv       &  operator()(storage_view_t &       data, size_t i)       { return data[i];}
   Tv const &  operator()(storage_view_t const & data, size_t i) const { return data[i];}
 
-  template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_no_resize (S & data, RHS && rhs) {
-   //auto r = make_vector(rhs);
-   if (data.size() !=rhs.size()) TRIQS_RUNTIME_ERROR << "Size mismatch in gf assignment";
-   for (size_t i =0; i<data.size(); ++i) data[i] = rhs[i];
-  }
-  template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_with_resize (S & data, RHS && rhs) {data = utility::factory<storage_t>(rhs);}
   template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_to_scalar   (S & data, RHS && rhs) {for (size_t i =0; i<data.size(); ++i) data[i] = rhs;}
   template<typename RHS> static void rebind (storage_view_t & data, RHS && rhs) { data.clear(); for (auto & x : rhs.data()) data.push_back(x);}
  };
@@ -104,8 +94,6 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
   auto operator()(storage_t  &           data, size_t i)       DECL_AND_RETURN( data(i));
   auto operator()(storage_t      const & data, size_t i) const DECL_AND_RETURN( data(i));
 
-  template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_no_resize (S & data, RHS && rhs) { data() = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
-  template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_with_resize (S & data, RHS && rhs) = delete;
   template<typename S, typename RHS> static void assign_to_scalar   (S & data, RHS && rhs) = delete;
   template<typename RHS> static void rebind (storage_view_t & data, RHS && rhs) = delete;// { data = std::forward<RHS>(rhs);}
  };
diff --git a/triqs/gfs/gf.hpp b/triqs/gfs/gf.hpp
index f2422468..adc70a64 100644
--- a/triqs/gfs/gf.hpp
+++ b/triqs/gfs/gf.hpp
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
  using utility::factory;
  using arrays::make_shape;
 
- // GENERALISE matrxi TO DEFAULT
  template<typename Variable, typename Opt=void> struct gf_mesh;
  template<typename Variable, typename Target=matrix_valued, typename Opt=void> class gf;         // the regular type
  template<typename Variable, typename Target=matrix_valued, typename Opt=void> class gf_view;    // the view type
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
  // various implementation traits
  namespace gfs_implementation { // never use using of this... 
 
-  // evaluator regroup functions to evaluate the function. Cf descriptors
+  // evaluator regroup functions to evaluate the function. 
   template<typename Variable, typename Target, typename Opt> struct evaluator{ static constexpr int arity = 0;};
 
   // closest_point mechanism
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
   // this is used to specialize this part of the code to array of dim 3 (matrix gf), dim 1 (scalar gf) and vector (e.g. block gf, ...)
   template<typename Variable, typename Target, typename Opt, typename Enable = void> struct data_proxy;
 
-  // This trait contains functions to read/write in hdf5 files. Can be specialized for some descriptor (Cf block)
+  // This trait contains functions to read/write in hdf5 files. Can be specialized for some case (Cf block)
   template <typename Variable, typename Target, typename Opt> struct h5_name; // value is a const char *
 
   template<typename Variable, typename Opt> struct h5_name<Variable,scalar_valued,Opt>      { static std::string invoke(){ return h5_name<Variable,matrix_valued,Opt>::invoke() + "_s";}};
@@ -83,9 +82,6 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
  template <typename Variable, typename Target=matrix_valued, typename Opt=void, typename ... U> 
   gf_view<Variable,Target,Opt> make_gf_view(U && ... x) { return gfs_implementation::factories<Variable,Target,Opt>::make_gf_view(std::forward<U>(x)...);}
 
- template<typename Variable, typename Target, typename Opt> struct gf_desc{};
- template<typename Descriptor> struct gf_tag{};
-
  // The trait that "marks" the Green function
  TRIQS_DEFINE_CONCEPT_AND_ASSOCIATED_TRAIT(ImmutableGreenFunction);
 
@@ -93,31 +89,28 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
 
  /// A common implementation class for gf and gf_view. They will only redefine contructor and = ...
  template<typename Variable, typename Target, typename Opt, bool IsView> class gf_impl : 
-  TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(ImmutableGreenFunction), gf_tag<gf_desc<Variable,Target,Opt>> {
+  TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(ImmutableGreenFunction){
    public :
-
-    // Pattern : ValueView
     typedef gf_view<Variable,Target,Opt> view_type;
     typedef gf<Variable,Target,Opt>      regular_type;
 
-    typedef gf_desc<Variable,Target,Opt>    descriptor_t;
-
     typedef Variable variable_t;
+    typedef Target target_t;
     typedef Opt option_t;
 
     typedef gf_mesh<Variable,Opt>                                                               mesh_t;
     typedef typename mesh_t::domain_t                                                           domain_t;
     typedef typename mesh_t::mesh_point_t                                                       mesh_point_t;
     typedef typename mesh_t::index_t                                                            mesh_index_t;
-    typedef typename gfs_implementation::symmetry<Variable,Target,Opt>::type                     symmetry_t;
-    typedef gfs_implementation::evaluator<Variable,Target,Opt>                                   evaluator_t;
+    typedef typename gfs_implementation::symmetry<Variable,Target,Opt>::type                    symmetry_t;
+    typedef gfs_implementation::evaluator<Variable,Target,Opt>                                  evaluator_t;
 
-    typedef gfs_implementation::data_proxy<Variable,Target,Opt>                                  data_proxy_t;
+    typedef gfs_implementation::data_proxy<Variable,Target,Opt>                                 data_proxy_t;
     typedef typename data_proxy_t::storage_t                                                    data_regular_t;
     typedef typename data_proxy_t::storage_view_t                                               data_view_t;
-    typedef typename std::conditional<IsView, data_view_t, data_regular_t>::type               data_t;
+    typedef typename std::conditional<IsView, data_view_t, data_regular_t>::type                data_t;
 
-    typedef typename gfs_implementation::singularity<Variable,Target,Opt>::type                  singularity_non_view_t;
+    typedef typename gfs_implementation::singularity<Variable,Target,Opt>::type                 singularity_non_view_t;
     typedef typename view_type_if_exists_else_type<singularity_non_view_t>::type                singularity_view_t;
     typedef typename std::conditional<IsView, singularity_view_t, singularity_non_view_t>::type singularity_t;
 
@@ -185,13 +178,6 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
       >::type // end of add_Const
       operator() (Arg0&& arg0, Args&&... args) const { return _evaluator(this,std::forward<Arg0>( arg0), std::forward<Args>(args)...); }
 
-    // Interaction with the CLEF library : calling the gf with any clef expression as argument build a new clef expression
-    //template<typename Arg0, typename ...Args>
-    // auto operator()(Arg0 arg0, Args... args) const DECL_AND_RETURN( clef::make_expr_call(view_type(*this),arg0, args...));
- 
-    //template<typename Arg0, typename ...Args>
-    // auto operator()(Arg0 arg0, Args... args) DECL_AND_RETURN( clef::make_expr_call(view_type(*this),arg0, args...));
-
     template<typename Arg0, typename ...Args>
      typename clef::_result_of::make_expr_call<view_type,Arg0, Args...>::type
      operator()(Arg0 arg0, Args... args) const {
@@ -227,34 +213,14 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
     template<typename ... U>
      cr_type operator[] (closest_pt_wrap<U...> const & p) const { return _data_proxy(_data, _mesh.index_to_linear( gfs_implementation::get_closest_point<Variable,Target,Opt>::invoke(this,p)));}
 
-    // Interaction with the CLEF library : calling the gf with any clef expression as argument build a new clef expression
-    /* template<typename Arg>
-       typename boost::lazy_enable_if<    // enable the template if
-       clef::is_any_lazy<Arg>,  // One of Args is a lazy expression
-       clef::_result_of::make_expr_subscript<view_type,Arg>
-       >::type     // end of lazy_enable_if
-       operator[](Arg && arg) const { return clef::make_expr_subscript(view_type(*this),std::forward<Arg>(arg));}
-       */
-
-    /*template<typename Arg>
-    //auto operator[](Arg && arg) const DECL_AND_RETURN(clef::make_expr_subscript((*this)(),std::forward<Arg>(arg)));
-    auto operator[](Arg && arg) const DECL_AND_RETURN(clef::make_expr_subscript(view_type(*this),std::forward<Arg>(arg)));
-
-    template<typename Arg>
-    //auto operator[](Arg && arg) DECL_AND_RETURN(clef::make_expr_subscript((*this)(),std::forward<Arg>(arg)));
-    auto operator[](Arg && arg) DECL_AND_RETURN(clef::make_expr_subscript(view_type(*this),std::forward<Arg>(arg)));
-    */ 
-
     template<typename Arg>
      typename clef::_result_of::make_expr_subscript<view_type,Arg>::type
       operator[](Arg && arg) const { return clef::make_expr_subscript(view_type(*this),std::forward<Arg>(arg));}
 
     /// A direct access to the grid point
- 
     template<typename... Args>
      r_type on_mesh (Args&&... args) { return _data_proxy(_data,_mesh.index_to_linear(mesh_index_t(std::forward<Args>(args)...)));}
 
-    /// A direct access to the grid point (const version)
     template<typename... Args>
      cr_type on_mesh (Args&&... args) const { return _data_proxy(_data,_mesh.index_to_linear(mesh_index_t(std::forward<Args>(args)...)));}
 
@@ -279,7 +245,7 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
     friend void h5_write (h5::group fg, std::string subgroup_name, gf_impl const & g) {
      auto gr =  fg.create_group(subgroup_name);
      gr.write_triqs_hdf5_data_scheme(g); 
-     gfs_implementation::h5_ops<Variable,Target,Opt>::write(gr, "data", g._data, g);//can be specialized for some descriptors (E.g. blocks)
+     gfs_implementation::h5_ops<Variable,Target,Opt>::write(gr, "data", g._data, g);
      h5_write(gr,"singularity",g._singularity);
      h5_write(gr,"mesh",g._mesh);
      h5_write(gr,"symmetry",g._symmetry);
@@ -293,7 +259,7 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
      auto tag_expected= get_triqs_hdf5_data_scheme(g);
      if (tag_file != tag_expected) 
       TRIQS_RUNTIME_ERROR<< "h5_read : mismatch of the tag TRIQS_HDF5_data_scheme tag in the h5 group : found "<<tag_file << " while I expected "<< tag_expected; 
-     gfs_implementation::h5_ops<Variable,Target,Opt>::read(gr, "data", g._data, g);//can be specialized for some descriptors (E.g. blocks)
+     gfs_implementation::h5_ops<Variable,Target,Opt>::read(gr, "data", g._data, g);
      h5_read(gr,"singularity",g._singularity);
      h5_read(gr,"mesh",g._mesh);
      h5_read(gr,"symmetry",g._symmetry);
@@ -337,13 +303,13 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
 
   friend void swap (gf & a, gf & b) noexcept { a.swap_impl (b);}
 
-  gf & operator = (gf const & rhs) { *this = gf(rhs); return *this;} // use move =
-  gf & operator = (gf & rhs) { *this = gf(rhs); return *this;} // use move =
-  gf & operator = (gf && rhs) noexcept { swap(*this, rhs); return *this;}
+  gf & operator = (gf const & rhs)     { *this = gf(rhs); return *this;} // use move =
+  gf & operator = (gf & rhs)           { *this = gf(rhs); return *this;} // use move =
+  gf & operator = (gf && rhs) noexcept { swap(*this,rhs); return *this;}
 
   template<typename RHS> void operator = (RHS && rhs) {
-   this->_mesh = rhs.mesh();
-   B::data_proxy_t::assign_with_resize(this->data(), std::forward<RHS>(rhs).data()); // looks strange for &&
+   this->_mesh = std::forward<RHS>(rhs).mesh();
+   for (auto const & w: this->mesh()) (*this)[w] = rhs[w];
    this->_singularity = rhs.singularity();
    // to be implemented : there is none in the gf_expr in particular....
    //this->_symmetry = rhs.symmetry(); 
@@ -405,8 +371,8 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
  // delegate = so that I can overload it for specific RHS...
  template<typename Variable, typename Target, typename Opt, typename RHS>
   DISABLE_IF(arrays::is_scalar<RHS>) triqs_gf_view_assign_delegation( gf_view<Variable,Target,Opt> g, RHS const & rhs) {
-   if (!(g.mesh()  == rhs.mesh()))  TRIQS_RUNTIME_ERROR<<"Gf Assignment in View : incompatible mesh";
-   gf_view<Variable,Target,Opt>::data_proxy_t::assign_no_resize(g.data(),rhs.data()); 
+   if (!(g.mesh() == rhs.mesh()))  TRIQS_RUNTIME_ERROR<<"Gf Assignment in View : incompatible mesh";
+   for (auto const & w: g.mesh()) g[w] = rhs[w];
    g.singularity() = rhs.singularity();
   }
 
diff --git a/triqs/gfs/gf_expr.hpp b/triqs/gfs/gf_expr.hpp
index 88bfada4..21804105 100644
--- a/triqs/gfs/gf_expr.hpp
+++ b/triqs/gfs/gf_expr.hpp
@@ -21,93 +21,93 @@
 #ifndef TRIQS_GF_EXPR_H
 #define TRIQS_GF_EXPR_H
 #include <triqs/utility/expression_template_tools.hpp>
-namespace triqs { namespace gfs { 
+namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
+
  using utility::is_in_ZRC;
- namespace gfs_expr_tools { 
+ using utility::remove_rvalue_ref;
+
+ namespace gfs_expr_tools {
+
+  // a wrapper for scalars 
   template<typename S> struct scalar_wrap {
-   typedef S value_type; 
-   S s; scalar_wrap(S const &s_):s(s_){} 
+   typedef void variable_t;
+   typedef void target_t;
+   typedef void option_t;
+   S s; 
+   template<typename T> scalar_wrap(T && x):s(std::forward<T>(x)){}  
    S singularity() const { return s;}
-   S data() const { return s;} 
-   template<typename KeyType> value_type operator[](KeyType && key) const { return s;}
-   template<typename ... Args> inline value_type operator()(Args && ... args) const { return s;}
+   template<typename KeyType> S operator[](KeyType && key) const { return s;}
+   template<typename ... Args> inline S operator()(Args && ... args) const { return s;}
    friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, scalar_wrap const &expr){return sout << expr.s; }
   };
 
   // Combine the two meshes of LHS and RHS : need to specialize where there is a scalar
   struct combine_mesh {
    template<typename L, typename R> 
-    inline auto operator() (L const & l, R const & r) const -> decltype(l.mesh()) { 
+    auto operator() (L && l, R && r) const -> decltype(std::forward<L>(l).mesh()) { 
      if (!(l.mesh() == r.mesh())) TRIQS_RUNTIME_ERROR << "Mesh mismatch : ";//<< l.mesh()<<" vs" <<r.mesh();
-     return l.mesh();
+     return std::forward<L>(l).mesh();
     }
-   template<typename S, typename R> auto operator() (scalar_wrap<S> const & w, R const & r) const -> decltype(r.mesh()) { return r.mesh();}
-   template<typename S, typename L> auto operator() (L const & l, scalar_wrap<S> const & w) const -> decltype(l.mesh()) { return l.mesh();}
+   template<typename S, typename R> auto operator() (scalar_wrap<S> const &, R && r) const DECL_AND_RETURN(std::forward<R>(r).mesh());
+   template<typename S, typename L> auto operator() (L && l, scalar_wrap<S> const &) const DECL_AND_RETURN(std::forward<L>(l).mesh());
   };
 
-  template<typename T> struct keeper_type : std::conditional<utility::is_in_ZRC<T>::value, scalar_wrap<T>, typename view_type_if_exists_else_type<T>::type> {};
+  template<typename T> struct node_t : std::conditional<utility::is_in_ZRC<T>::value, scalar_wrap<T>, typename remove_rvalue_ref<T>::type> {};
+
+  template <typename A, typename B> struct _or_ {typedef void type;};
+  template <typename A> struct _or_<A,A>        {typedef A type;};
+  template <typename A> struct _or_<void,A>     {typedef A type;};
+  template <typename A> struct _or_<A,void>     {typedef A type;};
+  template <> struct _or_<void,void>            {typedef void type;};
+
  }// gfs_expr_tools
 
- template<typename Descriptor, typename Tag, typename L, typename R>  struct gf_expr : TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(ImmutableGreenFunction),gf_tag<Descriptor> {
-  typedef typename gfs_expr_tools::keeper_type<L>::type L_t;
-  typedef typename gfs_expr_tools::keeper_type<R>::type R_t;
-  typedef Descriptor  descriptor_t;
-  //typedef typename std::result_of<utility::operation<Tag>(typename L_t::value_type,typename R_t::value_type)>::type  value_t;
-  typedef typename std::remove_reference<typename std::result_of<gfs_expr_tools::combine_mesh(L_t,R_t)>::type>::type        mesh_t;
-  //typedef typename Descriptor::singularity_t::view_type    singularity_view_t;
-  //typedef value_t value_type;
-  L_t l; R_t r;
-  template<typename LL, typename RR> gf_expr(LL && l_, RR && r_) : l(std::forward<LL>(l_)), r(std::forward<RR>(r_)) {}
-  mesh_t mesh() const  { return gfs_expr_tools::combine_mesh()(l,r); } 
-  auto data() const ->decltype( utility::operation<Tag>()(l.data(), r.data())) {  return utility::operation<Tag>()(l.data(), r.data());}
+ template<typename Tag, typename L, typename R> struct gf_expr : TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(ImmutableGreenFunction){
+  typedef typename std::remove_reference<L>::type L_t;
+  typedef typename std::remove_reference<R>::type R_t;
+  typedef typename gfs_expr_tools::_or_<typename L_t::variable_t,typename R_t::variable_t>::type variable_t;
+  typedef typename gfs_expr_tools::_or_<typename L_t::target_t,typename R_t::target_t>::type target_t;
+  typedef typename gfs_expr_tools::_or_<typename L_t::option_t,typename R_t::option_t>::type option_t;
+  static_assert(!std::is_same<variable_t,void>::value, "Can not combine two gf expressions with different variables");
+  static_assert(!std::is_same<target_t,void>::value, "Can not combine two gf expressions with different target");
+ 
+  L l; R r;
+  template<typename LL, typename RR> gf_expr(LL && l_, RR && r_):l(std::forward<LL>(l_)), r(std::forward<RR>(r_)) {}
+  
+  auto mesh() const DECL_AND_RETURN(gfs_expr_tools::combine_mesh()(l,r)); 
   auto singularity() const DECL_AND_RETURN (utility::operation<Tag>()(l.singularity() , r.singularity()));
-  //const singularity_view_t singularity() const { return utility::operation<Tag>()(l.singularity() , r.singularity());}
-  //symmetry_t const & symmetry() const { return _symmetry;}
-  template<typename KeyType> auto operator[](KeyType && key) const DECL_AND_RETURN(utility::operation<Tag>()(l[std::forward<KeyType>(key)] , r[std::forward<KeyType>(key)]));
+  
+  template<typename KeyType>  auto operator[](KeyType && key)   const DECL_AND_RETURN(utility::operation<Tag>()(l[std::forward<KeyType>(key)] , r[std::forward<KeyType>(key)]));
   template<typename ... Args> auto operator()(Args && ... args) const DECL_AND_RETURN(utility::operation<Tag>()(l(std::forward<Args>(args)...) , r(std::forward<Args>(args)...)));
   friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, gf_expr const &expr){return sout << "("<<expr.l << " "<<utility::operation<Tag>::name << " "<<expr.r<<")" ; }
  };
 
  // -------------------------------------------------------------------
  //a special case : the unary operator !
- template<typename Descriptor, typename L>   struct gf_unary_m_expr : TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(ImmutableGreenFunction),gf_tag<Descriptor>{
-  typedef typename gfs_expr_tools::keeper_type<L>::type L_t;
-  typedef Descriptor  descriptor_t;
-  //typedef typename L_t::value_type value_type;
-  typedef typename L_t::mesh_t mesh_t;
-  //typedef typename Descriptor::singularity_t::view_type    singularity_view_t;
-  L_t l; 
+ template<typename L> struct gf_unary_m_expr : TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(ImmutableGreenFunction){
+  typedef typename std::remove_reference<L>::type L_t;
+  typedef typename L_t::variable_t variable_t;
+  typedef typename L_t::target_t target_t;
+  typedef typename L_t::option_t option_t;
+
+  L l; 
   template<typename LL> gf_unary_m_expr(LL && l_) : l(std::forward<LL>(l_)) {}
-  mesh_t mesh() const  { return l.mesh(); } 
-  auto data() const ->decltype( - l.data()) {  return - l.data();}
+  
+  auto mesh() const DECL_AND_RETURN(l.mesh()); 
   auto singularity() const DECL_AND_RETURN(l.singularity());
-  //const singularity_view_t singularity() const { return l.singularity();}
-  //symmetry_t const & symmetry() const { return _symmetry;}
+  
   template<typename KeyType> auto operator[](KeyType&& key) const DECL_AND_RETURN( -l[key]); 
   template<typename ... Args> auto operator()(Args && ... args) const DECL_AND_RETURN( -l(std::forward<Args>(args)...));
   friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, gf_unary_m_expr const &expr){return sout << '-'<<expr.l; }
  };
 
- // -------------------------------------------------------------------
- // get the descriptor ...
- template<typename A1, typename A2, typename Enable=void> struct get_desc;
- template<typename A1, typename A2>
-  struct get_desc <A1,A2, typename std::enable_if<((!ImmutableGreenFunction<A1>::value) && (ImmutableGreenFunction<A2>::value))>::type > { 
-   typedef typename A2::descriptor_t type;
-  };
- template<typename A1, typename A2>
-  struct get_desc <A1,A2,typename std::enable_if<(!ImmutableGreenFunction<A2>::value) && (ImmutableGreenFunction<A1>::value)>::type >  { 
-   typedef typename A1::descriptor_t type;
-  };
- template<typename A1, typename A2>
-  struct get_desc <A1,A2, typename std::enable_if< (ImmutableGreenFunction<A1>::value) && (ImmutableGreenFunction<A2>::value) && std::is_same<typename A1::descriptor_t,typename A2::descriptor_t>::value >::type >  { typedef typename A2::descriptor_t type; };
-
  // -------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Now we can define all the C++ operators ...
 #define DEFINE_OPERATOR(TAG, OP, TRAIT1, TRAIT2) \
  template<typename A1, typename A2>\
- typename std::enable_if<TRAIT1<A1>::value && TRAIT2 <A2>::value, gf_expr<typename get_desc<A1,A2>::type, utility::tags::TAG, A1,A2>>::type\
- operator OP (A1 const & a1, A2 const & a2) { return gf_expr<typename get_desc<A1,A2>::type,utility::tags::TAG, A1,A2>(a1,a2);} 
+ typename std::enable_if<TRAIT1<A1>::value && TRAIT2 <A2>::value, \
+ gf_expr<utility::tags::TAG, typename gfs_expr_tools::node_t<A1>::type, typename gfs_expr_tools::node_t<A2>::type>>::type\
+ operator OP (A1 && a1, A2 && a2) { return {std::forward<A1>(a1),std::forward<A2>(a2)};} 
 
  DEFINE_OPERATOR(plus,       +, ImmutableGreenFunction,ImmutableGreenFunction);
  DEFINE_OPERATOR(minus,      -, ImmutableGreenFunction,ImmutableGreenFunction);
@@ -120,8 +120,12 @@ namespace triqs { namespace gfs {
 #undef DEFINE_OPERATOR
 
  // the unary is special
- template<typename A1> typename std::enable_if<ImmutableGreenFunction<A1>::value, gf_unary_m_expr<typename A1::descriptor_t, A1>>::type
-  operator - (A1 const & a1) { return  gf_unary_m_expr<typename A1::descriptor_t, A1>(a1);} 
+ template<typename A1> 
+  typename std::enable_if< 
+  ImmutableGreenFunction<A1>::value, 
+  gf_unary_m_expr<typename gfs_expr_tools::node_t<A1>::type >
+   >::type
+   operator - (A1 && a1) { return {std::forward<A1>(a1)};} 
 
 }}//namespace triqs::gf
 #endif
diff --git a/triqs/utility/concept_tools.hpp b/triqs/utility/concept_tools.hpp
index 99b9ccb6..2b7ce339 100644
--- a/triqs/utility/concept_tools.hpp
+++ b/triqs/utility/concept_tools.hpp
@@ -32,8 +32,9 @@
 #define TRIQS_DEFINE_CONCEPT_AND_ASSOCIATED_TRAIT(MyBeautifulConcept) \
  struct TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept) {};\
  template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept : boost::is_base_of<TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept) , T> {};\
- template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&> : boost::is_base_of<TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept), T> {};\
- template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&&> : boost::is_base_of<TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept), T> {};
+ template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<const T> : MyBeautifulConcept<T>{};\
+ template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&> : MyBeautifulConcept<T>{};\
+ template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&&> : MyBeautifulConcept<T>{};
 
 
 #define TRIQS_DEFINE_CONCEPT_AND_ASSOCIATED_TRAIT_R_AUX(r, data, i, elem) BOOST_PP_COMMA_IF(i) TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(elem) 
@@ -41,8 +42,9 @@
 #define TRIQS_DEFINE_CONCEPT_AND_ASSOCIATED_TRAIT_R(MyBeautifulConcept,Rs) \
  struct TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept) : BOOST_PP_SEQ_FOR_EACH_I (TRIQS_DEFINE_CONCEPT_AND_ASSOCIATED_TRAIT_R_AUX,nil,Rs) {};\
  template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept : boost::is_base_of<TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept), T> {};\
- template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&> : boost::is_base_of<TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept), T> {};\
- template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&&> : boost::is_base_of<TRIQS_CONCEPT_TAG_NAME(MyBeautifulConcept), T> {};
+ template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<const T>  : MyBeautifulConcept<T>{};\
+ template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&>  : MyBeautifulConcept<T>{};\
+ template<typename T> struct MyBeautifulConcept<T&&>  : MyBeautifulConcept<T>{};
 
 #ifdef TRIQS_COMPILE_TIME_DEBUG
 #define TRIQS_ASSERT_MODEL_CONCEPT(MyBeautifulConcept,T)  BOOST_CONCEPT_ASSERT((BCC_##MyBeautifulConcept<T>));
diff --git a/triqs/utility/expression_template_tools.hpp b/triqs/utility/expression_template_tools.hpp
index 1b3d8522..3e0c8037 100644
--- a/triqs/utility/expression_template_tools.hpp
+++ b/triqs/utility/expression_template_tools.hpp
@@ -22,26 +22,32 @@
 #define TRIQS_UTILITY_EXPRESSION_TEMPLATE_TOOLS_H
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <complex>
+#include "./macros.hpp"
+
 namespace triqs { namespace utility {
 
+ template<class T> struct remove_rvalue_ref      {typedef T type;};
+ template<class T> struct remove_rvalue_ref<T&>  {typedef T const & type;};
+ template<class T> struct remove_rvalue_ref<T&&> {typedef T type;};
+
  namespace tags { struct plus{}; struct minus{}; struct multiplies{}; struct divides{}; } 
 
-// The basic operations put in a template.... 
+ // The basic operations put in a template.... 
  template<typename Tag> struct operation;
  template<> struct operation<tags::plus> { 
-  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L const & l, R const & r) const -> decltype(l+r) { return l+r;} 
+  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L && l, R && r) const DECL_AND_RETURN(std::forward<L>(l) + std::forward<R>(r));
   static const char name = '+';
  };
  template<> struct operation<tags::minus> { 
-  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L const & l, R const & r) const -> decltype(l-r) { return l-r;} 
+  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L && l, R && r) const DECL_AND_RETURN(std::forward<L>(l) - std::forward<R>(r));
   static const char name = '-';
  };
  template<> struct operation<tags::multiplies> { 
-  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L const & l, R const & r) const -> decltype(l*r) { return l*r;} 
+  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L && l, R && r) const DECL_AND_RETURN(std::forward<L>(l) * std::forward<R>(r));
   static const char name = '*';
  };
  template<> struct operation<tags::divides> { 
-  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L const & l, R const & r) const -> decltype(l/r) { return l/r;} 
+  template<typename L, typename R> auto operator()(L && l, R && r) const DECL_AND_RETURN(std::forward<L>(l) / std::forward<R>(r));
   static const char name = '/';
  };
 
@@ -49,11 +55,15 @@ namespace triqs { namespace utility {
  template<typename T> struct is_in_ZRC : std::is_arithmetic<T>  {};
  template<> struct is_in_ZRC<bool> : std::true_type {};
  template<typename T> struct is_in_ZRC<std::complex<T> > : std::true_type {};
+ template<typename T> struct is_in_ZRC<T&> : is_in_ZRC<T>{};
+ template<typename T> struct is_in_ZRC<T&&> : is_in_ZRC<T>{};
+ template<typename T> struct is_in_ZRC<const T> : is_in_ZRC<T>{};
 
  template<typename A,  typename B> 
   struct type_of_mult{
    typedef decltype ( std::declval<typename std::remove_reference<A>::type>() * std::declval<typename std::remove_reference<B>::type>() ) type;
   };
 
+
 }}//namespace triqs::utility
 #endif
diff --git a/triqs/utility/std_vector_expr_template.hpp b/triqs/utility/std_vector_expr_template.hpp
index 69ffbcca..0eab5e7b 100644
--- a/triqs/utility/std_vector_expr_template.hpp
+++ b/triqs/utility/std_vector_expr_template.hpp
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 #include <triqs/utility/concept_tools.hpp>
 #include <triqs/utility/exceptions.hpp>
 #include <vector>
+#include <iostream>
+
 namespace triqs { namespace utility {  
 
  // a trait to identify the std::vector ... 
@@ -31,11 +33,12 @@ namespace triqs { namespace utility {
  template<typename T> struct ImmutableStdVector<std::vector<T>> : std::true_type{};
 
  namespace expr_temp_vec_tools { 
-  template<typename S> struct scalar_wrap {
-   typedef S value_type; 
-   S s; scalar_wrap(S const &s_):s(s_){} 
-   S operator[](size_t i) const { return s;}
-   friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, scalar_wrap const &expr){return sout << expr.s; }
+  template<typename S> struct scalar_wrap {// S can be a T or a T &
+   typedef typename std::remove_reference<S>::type value_type; 
+   S s; 
+   template<typename T> scalar_wrap(T && x):s(std::forward<T>(x)){}  
+   S operator[](size_t i) const {return s;}
+   friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, scalar_wrap const &expr){return sout << expr.s;}
   };
 
   // Combine the two sizes of LHS and RHS : need to specialize where there is a scalar
@@ -45,16 +48,19 @@ namespace triqs { namespace utility {
      if (!(l.size() == r.size())) TRIQS_RUNTIME_ERROR << "size mismatch : ";//<< l.size()<<" vs" <<r.size();
      return l.size();
     }
-   template<typename S, typename R> size_t operator() (scalar_wrap<S> const & w, R const & r) const {return r.size();}
-   template<typename S, typename L> size_t operator() (L const & l, scalar_wrap<S> const & w) const {return l.size();}
+   template<typename S, typename R> size_t operator() (scalar_wrap<S> const &, R const & r) const {return r.size();}
+   template<typename S, typename L> size_t operator() (L const & l, scalar_wrap<S> const &) const {return l.size();}
   };
- 
-  template<typename T> struct keeper_type : std::conditional<utility::is_in_ZRC<T>::value, scalar_wrap<T>, T const &> {};
+
+  template<typename T> struct node_t : std::conditional<utility::is_in_ZRC<T>::value, scalar_wrap<T>, typename remove_rvalue_ref<T>::type> {};
 
   template<typename V>
-  std::vector<typename V::value_type> make_vector(V const & v) { 
-   std::vector<typename V::value_type> res; res.reserve(v.size());
-   for (size_t i =0; i<v.size(); ++i) res.push_back( v[i]);
+   auto make_vector(V const & v) -> std::vector<typename std::remove_reference<decltype(v[0])>::type> { 
+   //auto make_vector(V const & v) -> std::vector<typename std::remove_reference<decltype(static_cast<V const &>(v)[0])>::type> { 
+   std::vector<typename std::remove_reference<decltype(v[0])>::type> res;
+   std::cout  << "makeVector"<< std::endl; 
+   res.reserve(v.size());
+   for (size_t i =0; i<v.size(); ++i) res.push_back(v[i]);
    return res;
   }
 
@@ -64,38 +70,40 @@ namespace triqs { namespace utility {
 namespace std { // no choice since the operators are found by ADL..
 
  template<typename Tag, typename L, typename R>  struct std_vec_expr : triqs::utility::ImmutableStdVector__concept_tag {
-  typedef typename triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::keeper_type<L>::type L_t;
-  typedef typename triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::keeper_type<R>::type R_t;
-  typedef typename std::result_of<triqs::utility::operation<Tag>(typename std::remove_reference<L_t>::type::value_type,
-    typename std::remove_reference<R_t>::type::value_type)>::type  value_t;
-  typedef value_t value_type;
-  L_t l; R_t r;
+  L l; R r;
   template<typename LL, typename RR> std_vec_expr(LL && l_, RR && r_) : l(std::forward<LL>(l_)), r(std::forward<RR>(r_)) {}
+  std_vec_expr(std_vec_expr const &) = delete;
+  std_vec_expr(std_vec_expr &&)      = default;
   size_t size() const  { return triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::combine_size()(l,r); } 
-  value_type operator[](size_t i) const { return triqs::utility::operation<Tag>()(l[i] , r[i]);}
-  friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, std_vec_expr const &expr){return sout << "("<<expr.l << " "<<triqs::utility::operation<Tag>::name << " "<<expr.r<<")" ; }
-  friend std::vector<value_type> make_vector(std_vec_expr const & v) { return  triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::make_vector(v);}
+  auto operator[](size_t i) const DECL_AND_RETURN(triqs::utility::operation<Tag>()(l[i] , r[i]));
+  friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, std_vec_expr const &expr){return sout << "("<<expr.l <<" "<<triqs::utility::operation<Tag>::name <<" "<<expr.r<<")";}
  };
 
+ template<typename Tag, typename L, typename R> 
+ auto make_vector(std_vec_expr<Tag,L,R> const & v) DECL_AND_RETURN(triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::make_vector(v));
+ 
  // -------------------------------------------------------------------
  //a special case : the unary operator !
- template<typename L>   struct std_vec_expr_unary : triqs::utility::ImmutableStdVector__concept_tag {
-  typedef typename triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::keeper_type<L>::type L_t;
-  typedef typename L_t::value_type value_type;
-  L_t l; 
+ template<typename L> struct std_vec_expr_unary : triqs::utility::ImmutableStdVector__concept_tag {
+  L l; 
   template<typename LL> std_vec_expr_unary(LL && l_) : l(std::forward<LL>(l_)) {}
+  std_vec_expr_unary(std_vec_expr_unary const &) = delete;
+  std_vec_expr_unary(std_vec_expr_unary &&)      = default;
   size_t size() const  { return l.size(); } 
-  value_type operator[](size_t i) const { return -l[i];}
+  auto operator[](size_t i) const DECL_AND_RETURN( -l[i]);
   friend std::ostream &operator <<(std::ostream &sout, std_vec_expr_unary const &expr){return sout << '-'<<expr.l; }
-  friend std::vector<value_type> make_vector(std_vec_expr_unary const & v) { return  triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::make_vector(v);}
  };
+ 
+ template<typename L> 
+  auto make_vector(std_vec_expr_unary<L> const & v) DECL_AND_RETURN(triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::make_vector(v));
 
  // -------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Now we can define all the C++ operators ...
 #define DEFINE_OPERATOR(TAG, OP, TRAIT1, TRAIT2) \
  template<typename A1, typename A2>\
- typename std::enable_if<triqs::utility::TRAIT1<A1>::value && triqs::utility::TRAIT2 <A2>::value, std_vec_expr<triqs::utility::tags::TAG, A1,A2>>::type\
- operator OP (A1 const & a1, A2 const & a2) { return std_vec_expr<triqs::utility::tags::TAG, A1,A2>(a1,a2);} 
+ typename std::enable_if<triqs::utility::TRAIT1<A1>::value && triqs::utility::TRAIT2 <A2>::value, \
+ std_vec_expr<triqs::utility::tags::TAG, typename triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::node_t<A1>::type, typename triqs::utility::expr_temp_vec_tools::node_t<A2>::type>>::type\
+ operator OP (A1 && a1, A2 && a2) { return {std::forward<A1>(a1),std::forward<A2>(a2)};} 
 
  DEFINE_OPERATOR(plus,       +, ImmutableStdVector,ImmutableStdVector);
  DEFINE_OPERATOR(minus,      -, ImmutableStdVector,ImmutableStdVector);
@@ -110,8 +118,22 @@ namespace std { // no choice since the operators are found by ADL..
  // the unary is special
  template<typename A1> typename std::enable_if<triqs::utility::ImmutableStdVector<A1>::value, std_vec_expr_unary<A1>>::type
   operator - (A1 const & a1) { return  std_vec_expr_unary<A1>(a1);} 
-
 }
+
+/*
+namespace triqs { namespace utility {  namespace expr_temp_vec_tools { 
+
+ //make sure expression are never taken by const &
+ template<typename Tag, typename L, typename R>  struct expr_node_storage_t <std::std_vec_expr<Tag,L,R> &>      ;// { typedef std::std_vec_expr<Tag,L,R> type;};
+ template<typename Tag, typename L, typename R>  struct expr_node_storage_t <std::std_vec_expr<Tag,L,R> const &> ;//{ typedef std::std_vec_expr<Tag,L,R> type;};
+
+ template<typename L>  struct expr_node_storage_t <std::std_vec_expr_unary<L> &>      ;// { typedef std::std_vec_expr_unary<L> type;};
+ template<typename L>  struct expr_node_storage_t <std::std_vec_expr_unary<L> const &>;// { typedef std::std_vec_expr_unary<L> type;};
+
+ }// std_vec_expr_tools
+ }}
+*/
+
 #endif